On a MacBook, I can be in a Zoom Meeting and speak into the MacBook Mic, while also listening to the meeting via the MacBook speakers. How is it possible for the mic to only receive my voice (and not also the sound of the meeting coming out of the speakers)?
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Everyone here seems to be explaining from first principles, without saying the actual term for this: “echo cancellation”.
Echo cancellation is just the usual term for any system that has both an audio output and input and wants to avoid feedback by comparing the input with it’s own output and removing it if detected.
Lots of platforms actually support this at the OS level, particularly mobile devices and laptops that have built in speakers and microphones. Even when there isn’t OS support, there are libraries (like WebRTC) commonly used by browsers and standalone conference apps that do it in software.
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