There are two main connection protocols: TCP and UDP, and the latter is a “connectionless” protocol, so how is data transferred if there is no established connection between sender and recipient?
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To answer this question, you need to know what a “connection” really is. All a connection is is an agreement between two computers that if any packets get dropped or corrupted while they’re traveling across the internet, the sender resends the packets. This is done by a handshaking algorithm. In UDP, there is no agreement. If a packet gets lost, the sender doesn’t have to resend the packet.
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