Nowadays, yes, farmers use GPS or other positioning tech to keep rows straight.
My uncle used to farm before GPS technology, and he once showed me how he did it. He would do the edge of the field first. He would positon his tractor carefully in the corner of each field and point his tractor at a landmark on the other side. He had a big Cadillac hood ornament that he would use as a site. He would do the edge rows very slowly and carefully, stopping every few dozen yards to make sure he was straight. As he was doing this, the tractor had an extended arm that would cut a line in the dirt about 10 yards to the side of the tractor. When he finished the end row, he would turn around, line up his hood ornament with the marker line, and go to town for the rest of the field.
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