How is information inferred from mathematical formulas?
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Ultimately, all any equation is is a statement.
It tells you how one thing changes when you change another.
So take: Force = mass x acceleration. As a simply thing, or F=ma
It tells you, in essence, that the hard you push something faster it will get faster. And that heavy things require more force to get moving than slow thing.
Whilst equations can get vastly more complicated, you’re always in essence dealing with something like this. I.e, can you find y(x) =ax.
If we observe something changing, in response to something else, we can infer a relation. And then you can do a measurement to find or prove the exact relation.
What you can do in Physics, is further relate statements to each other by units, and conservation laws. Units let us transform different properties into others I. E we can convert Energy Temperature by manipulating the units with some constant. This force instance helps us figure out temperatures things start occurring at, cos it shows a temperature will input some energy into a system.
It’s just manipulation of statements of things we’ve observed to be mostly ‘true’ . We can extract and infer from it by transforming the maths logically.
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