I just read that the gas shortage in Europe also affects fertilizer production. How is natural gas used as a raw material for fertilizer?
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The first phase of nitrogen based fertiliser production is making Ammonia.
Ammonia production involves combining methane (natural gas) with nitrogen from the air.
That gets you a nitrogen based chemical which is then further processed into Urea and other chemicals.
So in short it is an ingredient like any other and not simply used as an energy source.
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