Plants produce 100% biomass from photosynthesis. Every trophic level (level on the food chain) absorbs 10% of that biomass and wastes 90% of it.
Plants (100%) > rabbits (10%) > foxes > (1%) > eagles (0.1%)… Every step on the food chain drops biomass absobtion by 90%.
For humans we are omnivores, if we grow plants to eat them, we gain 10% of it’s biomass. If we grow plants to allow livestock to eat them in order to eat the livestock, we absorb 1% biomass.
The rest of the explanation has to do with amounts needed to grow to feed animals or humans. Feed a pig 10 corns to get it’s weight would theoretically be the equivalent of humans eating 1 corn. Corn and other crops take space, they take water, they take fertilizers, they require machinery.
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