<>I’m really just concerned about how the sound gets on to the record itself
The sound gets onto the record itself using a device called a record cutting lathe. this is a device that takes a blank rotating ‘master’ disc, and applies a cutter to the disc to cut out the spiral track, changing the position of the cut, depth and whatnot in response to the sound signal going into it.
This master disc is then used to press out copies which are what you end up with in your hand.
Sound is a rapid change in pressure that wiggles your eardrum back and forth; when a record is made, the eardrum is replaced with an artificial one which is connected to a needle that scratches a soft disk as it spins, creating a wobbly groove.
You can make a mold of that disk that lets you create copies out of a harder material, and when you spin that disk you can drop a needle into the wobbly groove and move a diaphragm to recreate the original sound.
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