A siren/alarm usually consists of multiple tones simultanuously.
It is like a musical chord, and these can be consonant (easy to the ear) or dissonant (uneasy sounding).
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consonance_and_dissonance](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consonance_and_dissonance)
The tones in alarms/sirens are deliberately chosen to be dissonant in order to cause uneasyness and get your attention. The tones can also change or be interupted in order to get extra attention.
Your body/mind also has an emotional/adrenaline response to loud noises in general. (Think of concerts, enginesounds on racetracks, just the roar of the spectators during a football match, …)
In short: Yes, alarms/sirens are designed to get your attention, to not be easily ignorable, and to induce a flight response from you.
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