It doesn’t plain and simple.
These two things often go hand in hand but the cause and effect are almost certainly the opposite. If a government of a country decides to default on its debt, then it a signal that the country has very serious economic difficulties and/or the government is inept. In either case, there would be very little confidence in the government. Therefore few would want to hold on to their currency leading to a devaluation.
Devaluing a currency often makes it even more difficult to service debt owed in other currencies. So it does nothing to reduce the debt and, in fact, makes it worse.
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