The earliest computers were programmed with [punch cards](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punched_card). Binary data would be encoded in card by punching a hole for a 1 or leaving it blank for a 0. These punched cards predated the invention of the computer, having been used for mechanical tabulating and sorting machines before that. The earliest use of punched cards was for a programmable loom, invented in the 19th century for producing patterned fabric.
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