How were film negatives inverted for viewing before the rise of digital scanners?

Question

Or were some form of digital scanners always in use?

In: 4

Answer 1

They were chemically inverted, onto contact prints (paper) or film strips. Actually, there isn’t a high need to invert them for photographer use. People who work with film can learn the things they need to know in negative, they simply get used to it. You only need prints or filmstrips when working with non-photographers like ad agency types.