how were the first atomic elements isolated and how did we know they could not be broken down further?
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Sir Humphrey Davy discovered 1/3 of all elements known in his time by using electrolysis, which a process which passes an electric current through a suitable solution.
The positive metal ions are attracted to the negative electrode, where they gain electrons and form metal atoms., while negative non-metal ions are attracted to the positive electrode, where they lose electrons and form non-metal atoms.
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He also invented the Davy lamp which saved thousands of lives in coal mines, but when asked about his greatest discovery he replied “My assistant, Michael Faraday”.
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