Food labelling laws can be complicated. So don’t expect “absolutely true, verified by much scientific research down to the atomic level” labels. Guidelines are provided by the relevant authorities, food companies follow the guidelines and put the appropriate labels. The meaning of the expiry date is probably something like “We’re 99.9% sure that the food contained will not expire by this date but it probably lasts a lot longer. But we don’t know how long because who the heck has time to test things this long anyway”
There are a few different possible explanations.
Is the container plastic? Because plastic containers expire and leech micro plastics and chemicals from the aging plastic into the food. If it’s food that doesn’t go off like salt or honey putting it into a glass container will make it last for as long as it takes you to use it up.
Is it definitely a use by/expiry date, or is it a best before date? Those are not the same thing and both do as the name implies. If it’s best before a certain date it will still be safe to eat after that date, it might just not be as good as it was fresh. Honey can crystallize over time and the company would print the best before date to indicate when they think it might start to crystallize. But it’s still safe to use, you can put the sealed container of honey in a bowl of warm water until it looks back to normal. An expiry date or a use by date is when the company making the food expects it to no longer be safe to eat.
Do you live in a country where all foods are legally required to have an expiry date? If so the company making the honey would have to print an expiry date even though it doesn’t expire.
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