Paris is similar in latitude to Montreal, Canada. However Paris has a daily mean temperature in Celsius of 12.8 (55 F) when Montreal is 6.8 (44 F). Paris’ winters rarely go below freezing; Montreal’s daily mean doesn’t go above it for December through April.
If the ocean didn’t keep Europe warm with energy brought up from the tropics on the Gulf Stream, year-round, it would have a very different climate.
The main theory on if the Gulf Stream collapses because of climate change is the huge heat transfer stops and Europe reverts to temperatures more in line with its amount of sun.
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