if an anchor is heavy enough to hold a ship in place, how does the ship not sink when hauling it?
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In high seas and heavy weather an anchor is never used to hold a ship in place it simply is not enough.
All the anchor has to do is be heavy enough to resist the “drag” from the tide or the “blow” by the wind. When a boat is placed head on into a tide/wind the cross section available for it to act on is very small so the weight/drag from the anchor needs to be way less than the weight of the ship.
If a ship gets “side on” to the wind/tide an anchor will easily be dragged and is a very dangerous situation but because a ship is naturally dart shaped this situation is rare as it’s normally stays head on. If it’s unable to stay head on then they will draw the anchor and use the engines to out of the danger zone.
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