Look at a box fan or ceiling fan. When they spin fast it looks like they form a solid ring.
Electrons whiz around the nucleus of an atom and kinda do the same thing, but in a sphere.
Imagine the “sphere” they form as a balloon (atom).
Glue those balloons together, that makes up stuff.
Now when different sets of balloons try to touch, imagine electrons as magnets.
North and south poles attract. Like poles repel. Electrons kinda work like that.
They are negative and repel other negatives. This repelling force works for groups of balloons that aren’t glued together.
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