Something like that.
If A sells stocks to B, C, and D for $1 a piece and then the stock rises to $2 a piece, only 25% of the people have lost money. Although if we count A as four separate people, one for each transaction, then you’re basically correct.
Nobody makes or loses money from one transaction though, it is always by at least two transactions. So you cannot say that for any one transaction there is a winner and a loser, it’s more complicated than that.
Fun fact: about 80-90% of individual investors lose money in the stock market overall according to popular estimates.
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