It is, effectively, arbitrary. Countries are geographical and social, these things lead to small genetic differences accumulating over time, to the point where you can, sort of, label the ethnicity/race of a person by cross referencing it with the typical genetic differences seen in people of that ancestry compared with other ancestries. There isn’t some precise point that a population of humans became genetically irish or english, companies that do ancestry testing like this have to decide how exactly they draw those lines.
Practically speaking we’re all just humans with minor genetic differences that we ascribe more meaning to than we ought.
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