If there are billions of transistors in a CPU, there is no chance that somebody designed every single one of them manually. Is their layout calculated or something?

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If there are billions of transistors in a CPU, there is no chance that somebody designed every single one of them manually. Is their layout calculated or something?

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In short, yes. There’s a lot of repetition in the design, even if it doesn’t seem that way. Think of a book with a thousand pages in it. It could have a million letters, each “placed” by the author, but the author is really prescribing words, not letters. The computer that the author uses can handle indentation, capitalization, page numbering, keeping all the lines straight, etc. A really repetitive book could be written quickly with clever use of copy and paste. It could also be written faster by multiple authors working on different chapters at the same time. It can be made even faster by using speech-to-text software, or a shorthand like court stenographers use. The final product is still a million letters in a unique, designed order, neatly placed and spaced on a thousand pages, but it was not the labor of a single person over a decade to achieve that.

If the book is published in braille, then the single braille dot is like a single transistor. Each identical, in exactly its proper place, but largely handled by machine.

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