0 days refers to the amount of time the public has been aware of the vulnerability.
Most hackers exploit vulnerabilities that have been known about for a long time. They target devices and servers which haven’t been updated in a while.
A zero day attack means nobody has any warning, nobody has developed a fix, no one has released a fix, and every device is vulnerable.
A traditional attack would be like picking the lock. We know locks can be picked, and some are made to be pick resistant.
If you discovered a new way to get past locks using, say, liquid nitrogen, that no one had ever considered, it would be similar to a zero day attack.
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