Why is the neutral pH (it stands for “potential of hydrogen”, or the basically the concentration of hydrogen ions, which are what causes acidity) 7 and not, for example, 8 or 10?
Because of the logarithm of hydrogen ions’ concentration in one mol of pure water is -7 (the concentration is 1/10000000). This is definitionally the point where there is an equal amount of OH ions as well (with it being pure water, the only way to have H ions is to have an equal amount of OH ions).
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