particle creation by black holes
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Black holes don’t create particles. What goes on is that you have virtual particle pairs created everywhere, just part of how quantum physics work. Given a bit of empty space, a particle and its antiparticle will spontaneously appear, travel for a bit, and then annihilate each other. Nothing gained, nothing lost.
How black holes get involved in that is the gravity near the event horizon is strong enough to occasionally pull one particle away from the other before they annihilate. The two particles now travel independently, and since matter/energy has been created, the black hole must shrink to balance.
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