Also what does ‘once and twice removed’ cousins work in that context?
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Cousin is parent’s siblings children. 1st is that persons child… and so on… and so on. Once removed means the cousin of the cousin. So your dad’s brother’s son’s cousin but the other family. Or something like that I don’t know I’ve been drinking
Your grandparents’ grandchildren are your first cousins, meaning you share the same grandparent.
2nd cousins share a great grandparent.
3rd cousins share a great great grandparent.
And for the removed part…
Your nephew/niece had a kid… Your kid and your niece are first cousins, but that kid is your kids’1st cousin once removed.
brother/sister – same parents
1st cousins – share grandparents
2nd cousins – share great grandparents
and so on.
Removed is by generation downwards. The children of your first cousins are your first cousins once removed. The grandchildren of your first cousins are your first cousins twice removed.
It comes down to how close is the closest common ancestor. For first cousins the closest common ancestor was a grandparent, for second cousins it is a great-grandparent, etc. If there is a generational difference, you use the closer connection. Example: if Alice’s grandparents were also Bobs great-grandparents, they would be first cousins.
The ‘removed’ part is where the generation separation comes in. In the above example, Alice and Bob are different generations from their common ancestor (grandparents vs great-grandparents), so they would be first cousins once removed.
My mom’s sister’s son is my first cousin, and our last common ancestor is our grandma. My grandma’s sister’s grandson is my second cousin, and our last common ancestor is our great-grandma. My great-grandma’s sister’s great-grandson is my third cousin, and our last common ancestor is our great-great-grandma. So the number is how many generations back your last common ancestor is. The little trick is that the number is how many G’s are in the word for your last common ancestor- so your fifth cousin and you have a great-great-great-great-grandparent in common (five G’s).
Removed refers to a difference in generation. So my first cousin’s son is still my first cousin, but once removed. That kid’s son is my first cousin twice removed. It starts with whoever’s closer to the last common ancestor and then you count down from that level.
Imagine a stereotypical family tree. Siblings spreading out sideways, generations vertically.
“First, second” etc. Is how far you’re “sideways”, on the same level (same generation). Your first cousin is the child of your parent’s siblings. You share grandparents. A second cousin would be further away in the same generation, so the grandchild of your grandparents siblings. You share a great-grandparent (your grandparents parents).
“Removed” is the difference in generations (vertically). Your first cousin’s children are your first cousin once removed. Their children would be twice removed. Your second cousins parents (your parents first cousins) would be your second cousin once removed. So would be your second cousins children. Your second cousins grandchildren would be your second cousins twice removed.
First cousins are often simply called cousins; you have your grandparents in common; one of your parents is a sibling of one of their parents. Second cousins have great-grandparents in common; their grandparents are siblings.
If your first cousin has a kid, the kid is your first cousin once removed. The kid of your first cousin once removed is your first cousin twice removed. And so on.
It is by successive generations. Let’s say you have a brother or sister. Their kids and your kids will be cousins. If they have kids (your grandchildren and your sibling’s grandchildren) they will be second cousins. In the next generation, your great grandchildren and your sib’s great grandchildren will be third cousins. And so on.
If my sibling and I both each have have kids (hopefully with separate partners,) they’re cousins.
If those cousins have kids, they’re second cousins.
If those second cousins have kids, they’re third cousins, and so on. (call them A and B for next example)
If one of those cousins (third cousin A) has a kid (C), then kid C would be third cousins with B, once removed. Once, twice, three times etc removed speaks to the generational gap. Thing how many steps down the family tree between any two cousins.
So I have a daughter. My first cousin has a son. Me and my cousin are first cousins. My daughter and my cousin’s son are second cousins. My cousin’s son is my first cousin once removed. So what am I to him? First cousin once removed (going down from my cousin) or second cousin once removed (going up from my daughter)?
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