Nails cannot reliably resist tension, but are used where shearing forces dominate. Screws resist both shear and tension, up to the limit the material will tolerate before failure.
If joined materials must resist being pulled apart, use screws. If the joined materials must only resist sliding across each other, use nails.
Wall studs need to resist compression loads. Their ends need only be secured against sliding out of place. Thus, it makes sense to secure studs with nails.
A nail is used where you either have a secondary fastening (for example, glue) or the structure needs to move a bit due to expansion and contraction. It’s also faster to build.
So, if this is a home project and I think you said a chicken coop, you should use screws. And the main thing to do is select the correct size and drill pilot holes first so that you don’t split your wood.
Ensure you get weather resistant material if you want the thing to stay up for a long time and paint it afterwards with a weather sealant.
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