So I know that photons travel in waves, but is that like a straight up and down wave? Or is it more like a cork screw?
Why not just straight? I’m guessing the rudimentary answer has something to do with energy?
How do we know this?
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What do you mean photon “travel in wave”.
If you mean light pulse, then first, do not confuse a photon with a light pulse; and second, light pulse are often soliton, aka. solitary wave.
Photons are not small balls that fly through the air, so they don’t even truly have a path (although it can be an useful way to describe their movement, given the appropriate context). Rather, the probability that you can find them at certain position can be can be described using a vector wave. This wave can be twisty (e.g corkscrew), also known as circular polarization, or not, in that case they still have a direction of polarization.
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