Everything in nature likes to be in the lowest energy state it can, and this goes extra for nuclear physics.
So, if a particle CAN decay, it WILL decay. And it so happens that all the heavier quarks can decay into other products in normal circumstances, but Up and Down can’t because they’re already the lowest energy states.
So they’re the only two we observe.
Now, it is theorised that there can be stable matter with the Strange quark in the hearts of neutron stars, and that it can remain stable outside of it if it escapes, but this was not yet observed as of today.
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