How are fundamental laws of physics set up in such a way that you get the same effect (correct me if I’m wrong) if you move with speed near C as well as if you stay near the event horizon?
To me, these two “activities” are different but yet time dilation (and space contraction) happens in both.
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First you have to understand that the phrase spacetime exists because space and time are just different manifestations of the same thing. So, if you stretch space, such as near a black hole, you also stretch time. The definition of the event horizon is the point at which acceleration due to gravity is equal to the speed of light. So, when you are near the event horizon that is functionally equivalent to travelling near the speed of light and this causes time dilation.
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