Gun barrel is a metal tube that’s supposed to handle rapid expansions of gasses (aka contained explosions) and a steel-jacketed metal object (aka bullet) clawing it’s way out with insane friction, and with rifling, even moreso. And for automatic weapons, that’s supposed to happen hundreds of times per minute.
This causes a lot of damage to the barrel (and the bullet), which makes it quite distinct.
As if it’s really unique and legally airtight, is unlikely. More likely is that it provides good amount of proof supporting rest of the case/proof/witness statements/etc, not make a case entirely by itself.
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