Take [kahoot.it](https://kahoot.it) for example, .it is a country level domain, and there’s no .com or .gov. How does that work?
Also, websites without a .country ending is assumed to be in the US. So, if it’s possible for a website to not have a .com level domain and the assumption is .us, then is it possible for a website to “not have any domain?”
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Top-level domains get to make their own choices about what second-level domains they allow. For instance, the New Zealand .nz domain originally had a short list of second-level domains like .co.nz, .org.nz, .net.nz and about half a dozen others. If you wanted a .nz domain, you had to get a third-level one under one of the second-level ones. The .nz registrar removed the restriction a few years ago, so now you can have anydomainyouwant.nz
Technically, yes it’s possible for a website to have no domain. You can serve content directly using the IP address of your webserver. https://1.1.1.1/ is a good example, but most of the time you’d be stuck with something unmemorable like https://169.254.404.56 and so no one’s going to visit your site. As a rough analogy: you maintain Contacts in your phone, because it’s easier than memorizing all your friend’s phone numbers.
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