Scents are basically the small bits of particular chemicals that come off of a particular object. In your nose you basically have a very small area under the brain where you detect smells that trigger nerves that go through small holes into the brain.
Let’s say you smell a piece of poo on the side of the road. There will be hundreds of thousands of different chemicals but only a small handful of them will actually be able to make it into the air and to your nose. Most of them are too heavy or by some other property cannot escape for the poo.
Chemically this is much more intricate.
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