It’s actually a [mineral](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asbestos) that is useful because it is fibrous and fireproof. Because of those two things it was used in a lot of buildings, often for insulation. I think they were also used in dropped ceiling tiles.
The problem is that the fibers are small enough that, if inhaled, they lodge in the lungs and can cause cancer. And if the asbestos was open to the inside room (like it would be with ceiling tiles) then there was always some small amount of asbestos being shed by the tiles, that might be ingested or inhaled.
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