None of these explanations are ELI5.
Essentially, an API is how you access the backend of some service that the developers have opened up for anyone to use.
So if I have a weather website, I could provide an API which means someone could build a weather app use pull data from my site for the app to use and present.
APIs are just hooks into the backend system so that we can use and access their system/data through their own application.
This is what happened with the Apollo App. The guy made his own app, and used the Reddit API to get all the information from Reddit. Now they are charging huge amounts for it.
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