A driver is the software that goes between the operating system and the hardware, no matter what the device is. Graphics card, mouse, sound card, whatever. Back in the days on Windows 98, USB flash drives weren’t really a thing. If you plugged one of those into a computer running Win98, it wouldn’t know what to do with it. After installing the drivers to support it (which might have just been included in an update to Win98 itself, I don’t remember), it would then be able to understand what the device is and how to read and write data to it.
For your graphics card specifically, your operating system has some default drivers that will make it functional on a basic level. You can boot up your computer, browse through your files, use some basic programs, etc. However, if you tried to play a game with them, it likely wouldn’t work well or at all. After installing the correct drivers, your operating system would then know how to use the graphics card, and you could run games using all of its functionality and capabilities.
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