In philosophy, there are a number of methods for “proving ideas true”. You might be more familiar with Platonic dialectic if you’re a philosophy student. If you’re not a philosophy student, this isn’t a term you’re going to enjoy learning about.
A 19th Century German philosopher, G.W.F. Hegel, proposed a different dialectic, which now bears his name. It’s a “proof” that uses a technique that in math would be called a contradiction. In math if you have a theorem that can be used to show 1=2, then that theorem is false because 1 does not equal 2. Hegel uses a similar type of negative assertion.
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