Also, how far can electric current go before it is completely lost?
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It’s analogous to friction. Essentially the electric current “bumps into” the atoms/molecules in the conductor and this resists the flow, just like friction resists the motion of a physical object.
The “distance” the current can go is complicated but the four most important ideas would be A. it depends on the strength of original current, strong currents go farther, B. it depends on the resistance of the material it’s traveling through which in turn is based on the composition of the material (copper wire, vs gold vs aluminum, etc) and the physical size of the conductor. C. the type of current, alternating vs. direct voltage currents travel different (alternating is better for long distances, direct for short) and D. the purity of the current, something like a telephone or internet wire gets subject to outside interference that might render the signal useless, even if it’s still detectable.
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