Some background is necessary to understand this phrase. The Fifth Amendment, among other things, protects against self-incrimination. This means that you cannot be compelled (by police or anyone else) to confess to a crime, and remaining silent is not a confession of guilt. It also guarantees the right to a lawyer.
After a case in 1966, the Supreme Court ruled that individuals in police custody must be informed of these rights, otherwise any statement they made will be inadmissible in court. The defender’s name was Ernesto Midanda, and so these are now called “Miranda rights”, which the police must read to you when they take you into custody. The exact wording varies, but police will generally say stuff like “You have the right to remain silent. Anything you say can be used against you in a court of law. You have the right to a lawyer. If you cannot afford one one will be provided to you by the state” etc. Basically an abridged version of the Fifth Amendment.
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