Taxes, much like most of what the government does, are facets of its political will.
One of the easiest ways to get both people are corporations to DO (or not DO) what you want them to do, as a government, is to provide tax reductions for the behaviours that you want to see.
Things like donating to charities, and investing in business.
Of course also just like everything, these can/will be abused and don’t always end up doing the thing that the politicians dreamed of when they wrote the rules.
Tax write offs are just situations where money is spent, and allocated into one of these tax reductions which will allow them a portion (or sometimes all of it) to reduce what they end up owing at tax time. Effectively discounting or paying for that thing.
What you normally see in movies, would be business expenses, as we want business to invest in themselves, rather than cash out and move to an island. So we give tax incentives for business owners to spend money on the business. Savvy (or corrupt) owners, will blur the line between what is truthfully spent on the business, and what is spent on other things.
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