kindly keep the explanation rather simple plz
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Things can only *really* move when compared to the position of some other thing.
So imagine a particle out in the vastness of space. Is it going anywhere? How could you tell? You can’t until you do something like add Earth to your map, note where the particle is relative to Earth, and observe how that relationship changes over time.
Inertial frame of reference often comes up when thinking about the motion of planets and stars. We know that Earth is rotating on its axis and rotating around the sun, but for everyday purposes we ignore that motion. The intertial frame of reference is the nearby parts of Earth. We don’t say a car was travelling 1,060 miles per hour just because it was moving along with the Earth’s rotation.
As you zoom out more, a clear inertial frame of reference becomes even more important. Our model of the solar system puts the sun as a fixed point in the center that everything moves around. That is, the inertial frame of reference is anchored by the sun. But, if you instead compare it to other stars, the sun is *also* moving. All the stars in the Milky Way are themselves rotating around the center of the galaxy. But wouldn’t you know it, the whole Milky Way is *also* moving with respect to other galaxies.
So depending on your frame of reference, you can go all the way between “sitting still” to “hurtling through space at millions of miles per hour”. It doesn’t actually change what you’re doing, just how you think about it.
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