Let’s look at Base 10, which is the number system we normally use. It uses the digits 0-9. When we write a number like 234, what we actually means is 2 100’s, 3 10’s, and 4. because it’s base 10, the first digits go up to 9 and the next digits are 10, 10×10 (100), 10x10x10 (1000), and so on.
In Base 8, we use the digits 0-7. Instead of using the digit for 8, we use 10 (1 eight and 0 singles). In base 8, the number 234 would mean 2 64’s (8×8), 3 8’s, and 4.
If we were using, say, base 12, we would use the digits 0-B. 10 in base 12 would be A. In base 12, the number 234 would mean 2 144s (12×12), 3 12’s, and 4.
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