According to the Fermi paradox, there are multiple filters and a great filter that civilizations have to pass to keep evolving. What are these barriers?
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A planet capable of harboring life must form in a star’s habitable zone.
Life itself must develop on that planet.
Those lifeforms must be able to reproduce, using such molecules as DNA and RNA.
Simple cells (prokaryotes) must evolve into more complex cells (eukaryotes).
Multicellular organisms must develop.
Sexual reproduction, which greatly increases genetic diversity, must take hold.
Complex organisms capable of using tools must evolve.
Those organisms must create advanced technology needed for space colonization. (This is roughly where humans are today.)
The spacefaring species must go on to colonize other worlds and star systems, while avoiding destroying itself.
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