Like if just one viral particle gets into your system, what’s more likely to happen: it proliferates undetected and cause an infection, or the immune system eliminates it before it can do so?
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It may infect you, or it may not.
There is a certain probability a virus is successful in entering a host cell and reproducing.
One viron can infect you, though the odds aren’t high.
The other problem is if it takes a while to develop due to low numbers (start with 1 infected cell instead of a dozen) it gives the adaptive immune system time to mount a response.
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