There are different lung volumes. The residual volume is the air left in the lungs after you have forced out all the air you can. So when you breath out and then push out as much air as possible after exhaling normally, you still have air in your lungs, the residual volume.
When you get the wind knocked out of you, the residual volume is pushed out by the force of the blow. Hence feeling like you are dying.
Under normal circumstances, in a healthy individual, I do not believe this can kill you, but I’m not a doctor.
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