The uterine lining builds up starting when you start the month’s pill. Not as much, usually, as it would normally build up, but a bit. It gets thicker throughout the month and then sheds, in a process called a progesterone withdrawal bleed, when you stop the pills and start the placebo week.
As for hormone levels: there are 3 kinds of pills. One kind gives you the same hormones every day and then you have a placebo week. So your estrogen and progesterone will stay pretty much the same every day you use those pills. Those levels will be low normal. Like the peaks and valleys of normal cycling are at an end, and you stay at a low maintenance level all the time. Your LH and FSH will be suppressed. Your testosterone will be suppressed all the time as well. During the placebo week, estrogen and progesterone will bottom out initially, and then estrogen might rise a little bit near the end of the week, but will go down after you resume the pills. Your progesterone will stay low that week. If you’re using the second kind of pill, which is same hormones every day and no placebo week, then the above is true but you never have the drop of the placebo week. Your uterine lining gets thick but the continuous pills with no placebo typically have low amounts of estrogen and progesterone, so your lining will shed a little mostly likely but eventually a state will happen where your lining no longer sheds, it stays relatively thin all the time. The other possibility is a multiphase pill that features different amounts of estrogen and progesterone in a few phases throughout the month. Your estrogen and progesterone will rise and fall based on the dose of a given day, but the fluctuations aren’t huge and it’s pretty similar to the 3 weeks of same hormones and one week of placebo.
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