This will be quite simplified, but:
The Space Shuttle often went up to reach the ISS. For simplicity’s sake, let’s say that the ISS needs to be directly overhead for the space shuttle to be able to meet up with it (this is broadly true). If the shuttle launches while the ISS is somewhere else (like the other side of the earth) they’ll be orbiting the earth in wildly different places, with no way to reach each other.
I hope this helps!
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