Two, or more, usually superpowers, but not always, supply weapons, expertise and possibly reason to two other countries who then fight but with a limited conflict. E.g., no nuclear, no advanced aircraft, etc. The goal is to show force in a limited manner so politicians can claim they are doing something to fight off the forces of evil while covertly testing weapons system and seeing what the real enemy has in their stockpiles.
Example:
USSR vs USA vs China in Vietnam.
Iran vs The Rest of the World in Gaza & Lebanon
There are plenty more.
Everybody chime in with your favorite proxy wars…
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