Monopthong = singular sound in a vowel. In English these would be the short vowel sounds you’re familiar with from grade school
Dipthong = two vowels stitched together. The long I sound can be thought of as actually “ah+ee” which is actually how it’s often represented in other languages that don’t have that vowel natively (see Korean or Japanese)
Triphthong = three vowels stitched together. The vowel sound in “hour” is an example. “a+o+oo” slurred together quickly
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