At the front of your eyes is the cornea, which is a transparent “dome” that covers your pupils/iris and lets light in. Astigmatism is when the cornea is irregularly shaped, so that the light gets distorted slightly and does not get focused towards the back of the eye as it should.
Conceptually think of it like taking a picture of a mountain with your smartphone. Regular eyes focus on the mountain as the “focal point”, but astigmatism is as if you had tapped on somewhere closer or slightly off-center so the mountain appears blurry.
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