Normally the cornea is symmetrical with a constant curvature, giving the lens a definite focal point. Near/far sightness is if the curve doesn’t focus the light on the retina directly but is still symmetrical. Astigmatism is when the lens itself has either a changing curvature or an asymmetry, preventing the lens from focusing the incoming light at a single point. Making everything out of focus regardless of distance.
It is a bit of a catch-all term.
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