Bundaberg is an Australian company who makes brewed lemonade, and their website advertises a 3 day brewing process.
Essentially they take lemon juice and add cane sugar, to make it sweeter, and then they add yeast (most likely saccharomyces cerevisiae, aka brewer’s yeast.)
The brewer’s yeast will eat sugar and poop out alcohol and carbon dioxide. Bundaberg allows this to happen for three days, and then they heat the liquid to a hot enough temperature to kill the yeast, stopping the fermentation when the alcohol content is still under 0.5% (so that it can legally be sold as a non-alcoholic beverage.) The purpose of the brewing process is to create more complex flavours than just lemons and sugar – the small amount of alcohol created in the brewing process makes the lemonade taste tangy.
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