It’s basically increasing stimulus over time. Let’s say you lift 10lb weights for bicep curls, eventually your biceps will adjust that to stimulus and will reach a plateau at which that weight is not enough for the muscle to continue to grow. So progressive overload would be adding more weight over time so there is proper stimulus for the muscle to continue growing. If one’s goal is to maintain they could continue to lift the same weight in order to maintain the muscle mass they currently have and in that case progressive overload would not be needed as continued muscle growth is not the goal.
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